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Ear mites are a common cause of ear inflammation or otitis externa, especially in young cats and kittens.

What are ear mites? 

There are several types of ear mites that can live in cat’s ears, but the most common is Otodectes cynotis. These tiny, eight-legged parasites feed on the wax and oils in a cat’s ear canal and can be spread from one cat to another. An individual mite has an approximate three-week life cycle and is only just visible to the naked eye as a dirty white speck. Some cats can show minimal signs of ear mite infection however most will produce a strong allergic response to the mites causing irritation and inflammation of both the external and internal ear canal. Infection usually produces a characteristic dark crumbly discharge and in the most severe cases, a cat’s ear canal can become entirely obstructed by this coffee ground-like debris. Prolonged or severe cases can develop secondary bacterial and yeast infections.

Symptoms

• Excessive scratching and itching around the ears
• Head shaking
• Hair loss and dermatitis especially around the ears and on the head
• Black or brown crumbly wax secretions, often resemble coffee grounds.
• Inflammation of the ear, scratches or scabs around the ears
• Foul smell or odour coming from the ears

Diagnosis

A diagnosis is made by your vet using an otoscope to examine the internal ear canal in addition to performing cytological examination of ear discharges under the microscope to identify the mites.

Treatment

Ear mites can be treated with products your veterinarian will prescribe that are applied directly in the ear and/or medications that are applied on the skin. If the ears have infection or build-up of debris, gentle cleaning by your vet may be required. This is often performed under a general anaesthetic to avoid causing discomfort. Your veterinarian may also prescribe medicated ear drops or an antibiotic to resolve infections. A cat will start to feel relief soon after treatment begins, but please complete the full cycle of treatment to ensure full eradication of the mites.

See the short video below on how to administer ear drops to your cat. 

Disclaimer: Please note that the information provided on this page does not replace the advice of your veterinarian. If you are concerned about your cat’s health in any way, we strongly recommend you seek veterinary advice.